Begalina Diana Undergraduate student Suleyman Demirel University Vitamins are a diverse group of essential organic substances necessary for the proper functioning of the body, ensuring health and well-being. The variety of vitamins and their importance for the body are reflected in their chemical composition, functions and sources of nutrition. They are key substances necessary for metabolism, immunity and growth, their absence can lead to various diseases.
Vitamins are divided into two main groups: water-soluble and fat-soluble. Soluble in water include vitamins of the group B and vitamin C, and fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E and K. Each vitamin has its own function in the body. For instance, vitamin A is essential for vision, growth, bone development and skin health, and vitamin D is involved in the absorption of calcium and phosphorus, which helps maintain bone tissue and dental health. Vitamin C is a powerful antioxidant that protects cells from free radical damage and strengthens the immune system.
In addition, vitamins can have a positive effect on various diseases. For example, vitamin E can help reduce the risk of the development of cardiovascular diseases, and vitamin D can reduce the risk of diabetes. Vitamin C helps strengthen the immune system and reduce the risk of colds and flu.
Nutrition is one of the main sources of vitamins. They can be found in a variety of foods such as fruits, vegetables, dairy products, meat, fish and nuts. For example, vitamin C can be found in citrus fruits, red and green peppers, strawberries and mangoes, and vitamin D can be found in oily fish, egg yolk and dairy products. Despite the fact that vitamins can be obtained from food, it is not always possible to get all the necessary vitamins only from nutrition. In such cases, you can resort to additional sources, such as vitamin complexes and supplements. However, it is important to remember that taking vitamins in large doses can be dangerous and lead to various side effects.
A lack of vitamins can lead to various diseases and conditions that can negatively affect a person's health and quality of life. For example, vitamin C deficiency can lead to scorbut, a disease accompanied by bleeding and metabolic disorders, and vitamin D deficiency can lead to osteoporosis and other bone diseases. The hypothesis that vitamin deficiency can cause a violation of metabolic processes, is quite widely known and researched in medicine. Some studies that can confirm this hypothesis: "Effects of Vitamin Deficiencies on the Body" (Effects of vitamin deficiency on the body) is a review article published in the journal Nutrients in 2018; a study conducted in 2015 and published in the journal PLOS ONE revealed that vitamin D deficiency is associated with impaired calcium metabolism in the body.
It is important to note that vitamins can interact with each other and with other nutrients. For instance, research, Published in the journal Nutrients in 2018, showed that the combination of vitamin C and vitamin E can enhance the body's antioxidant defenses. This is because vitamins C and E work together to protect cells from damage caused by free radicals. Therefore, in order to get the maximum benefit from vitamins, it is important to monitor their combination and proper assimilation.
Finally, it is important to note that the need for vitamins may vary depending on age, gender, physical activity, health status and other factors. Therefore, to find out your need for vitamins and getting the right amount, it is important to consult with a doctor or nutritionist.
The diversity of vitamins is reflected in their chemical composition, functions and sources of nutrition. Therefore, it is important to monitor proper nutrition in order to get all the necessary vitamins, and if necessary, resort to additional sources. However, you should not abuse the intake of vitamins, their excess may be dangerous to health.
In conclusion, vitamins play an important role in maintaining health and processes occurring in the body. They are necessary components of our nutritious diet, their lack can lead to various diseases. In addition, modern lifestyle and nutrition can lead to vitamin deficiency, so it is important to monitor your diet and, if necessary, use vitamin complexes. However, do not forget that getting vitamins from natural sources is the preferred and safe way.
References:
1. Alexander Popandopulo, Vitamins: Classification, Sources, 2021.
https://unclinic.ru/vitaminy-klassifikacija-istochniki /
2. V.N. Kanyukov, A.D. Strekalovskaya, T.A. Saneeva. Vitamins: textbook, 2012.-108 S.
3. K.I. Abdullaev, S.K. Abdullayeva. Bioantioxidant, 2015. – 218 p.
https://propionix.ru/antioksidanty-protiv-svobodnyh-radikalov 4. Anna Gorobets. When there are too many vitamins, 2022
https://apteka.ru/blog/articles/lekarstva_i_dobavki/kogda-slishkom-mnogo-vitaminov/
CUSTOMER lOYALTY ASSESSMENTS OF THE lUXURY SEGMENT
Miahkykh Iryna Doctor of Economics, Professor Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design Svintsitska Nataliia Postgraduate Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design The current development of markets in Ukraine is at the stage of stagnation or decline. The economic well-being of the population is declining, and real earnings are decreasing. In such conditions, in order to make effective and competent management decisions on demand management, it is necessary to consider a whole range of economic, social and factual indicators that clearly reflect the situation within the company and in the market. The perceptions of the supply side and the demand side about the value of the services provided may differ significantly from each other. In order to make the right management decisions that mediate the business's customer orientation, it is necessary to understand what value orientations regarding luxury services are important to VIP consumers. Understanding this situation will help to form an economically significant layer of loyal customers.
A loyal customer is a satisfied customer who remains loyal to the company.
Indicators of customer loyalty: makes regular purchases; recommends you to friends;
buys not only the usual products, but is interested in new products; is emotionally attached to your company; can understand price increases; does not run away in case of difficulties, stays with the company even after a not very successful transaction;
willingly participates in surveys; provides information about himself, agrees to mailing lists, follows the company on social networks; switches to competitors, even if offered a good deal.
The value of loyal customers:
1) marketing costs can be reduced. The search for new customers should not be stopped, but it can be more moderate. When you have a loyal customer base, it makes sense to focus on it.
2) Stability in force majeure situations. Every company can face a crisis. Loyal customers will help you survive this stage without losing profit.
3) the ability to maintain premium prices. The cost directly depends on loyalty. The better your customers treat you, the higher the price you can charge.
4) buying time to respond to competitors. When competitors announce product updates or provide the audience with any other benefits, a large loyal customer base will help the company. It will give time to develop a worthy "response". For the company, it is like an airbag: you can focus on improving the product rather than looking for new customers.
A client of the luxury segment in the fashion industry should be involved in the process, not just passively consume. When communicating with a VIP client, it is better to always choose a dialog instead of a monologue, use several "touch points" instead of one interaction, and alternate online and offline communication. A VIP customer should interact with the brand before, during, and after the purchase. With the right tactics, the energy that the consumer spends on the brand turns into a sustainable interest.
The following measures can help to win the loyalty of luxury customers in the fashion industry: drawings, contests, giveaways - a quick way to attract subscribers on social networks; accumulative system, points for a certain number of purchases;
bonuses for activity, discounts for feedback on social networks; organization of events (education, trainings, meetings, master classes); the opportunity for the client to be an expert (to give advice to other customers, to participate in product development);
continuous personalized informing of the client in email newsletters or messengers;
customization - individualization of a particular thing for a particular person.
Thus, the issues of assessing customer loyalty in the luxury segment seem to be significant in today's highly competitive period. This issue is even more acute in relation to VIP clients providing luxury services, as this category of consumers has experience in making various purchases and initially makes higher demands on the service they receive. By working with this target audience, collective accommodation facilities can maximize profits, which indicates the special financial attractiveness of this category of consumers.
References:
1. Зозульов, О.В., Кляченко, І.О. Програми лояльності споживачів до бренду.
Актуальні проблеми економіки та управління : збірник наукових праць молодих вчених. 2012. 6. – URL: https://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/12367
2. Бажеріна, К.В Застосування теорії порогових значень при вимірі лояльності споживачів. Формирование рыночных отношений в Украине. 2014. с.
88-93.
3. Jacoby, J., Chestnut, R. (1978), Brand Loyalty: Measurement and Management.
New York: John Wiley and Sons, Inc.