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27. ročník - č. 2/2018

a. s., Strabag, s. r. o., Váhostav-SK, a. s. and Metrostav a.s. The northern tunnel tube is 2360m long, whilst the southern tunnel tube is 2367m long. Concreting of the secondary lining in the NTT was finished in October 2017 (see Fig. 6). Concreting of the secondary lining in the STT was finished in December 2017.

At the same time, the complete secondary lining has been finis- hed in all eight cross passages between the NTT and STT (see Figures 7, 8).

At the moment, finishing work operations are underway on internal structures in the NTT and STT – installation of kerbs, slot- ted drain pipes, repairs of surfaces, painting of walls and the tun- nel crown. The work on utility networks and buildings in the pre- portal parts of the WP and EP is carried out in parallel. It mainly comprises cable manholes, cableways, a fire main, emergency tank, service buildings, fire main sewerage, and final construction work on the WP and EP (cladding walls and retaining walls).

Bc. MIROSLAV ŽÁČIK, Doprastav, a.s.

Višňové tunnel

The longest Slovakian tunnel, the Višňové, with the total length of 13.5km, is part of the Lietavská Lúčka – Višňové – Dubná Skala section of the D1 motorway. It runs south of the county town of Žilina. The approximately 7.5km long tunnel is built in the full profile, with two tunnel tubes. The contractor for the motorway section is a consortium consisting of Salini Impregilo S.p.A and Dúha, a. s. A specific feature of the Višňové tunnel in comparison with the other tunnels under construction is a ventilation system more demanding in terms of the construction, with a ventilation shaft and a system of extraction of smoke in the case of a fire, from two areas, through a shaft and a ventilation duct in the tunnel loca- ted above the intermediate deck in the section at the eastern portal.

The tunnel should be finished from the civils and equipment aspects in 2020, together with the motorway section.

The excavation of the Višňové tunnel started in April 2015 by dri- ving the northern tunnel tube from the western portal. The work on the initial sections of the northern tunnel tube was carried out using the New Austrian Tunnelling Method until the material and mecha- nical sources allowed the contractor to switch to the ADECO-RS method. The excavation using the ADECO-RS method started from August 2015 and its use gradually spread in the subsequent months to four headings in the tunnel tubes from both portals and two hea- dings in new sections of the drainage gallery. After the 35 months lasting tunnel excavation, 2780m and 2576m of the northern tunnel tube and southern tunnel tube, respectively, have been finished by the end of February. From the eastern portal, the excavation of 3628m of the northern tunnel tube and 3591m of the southern tunnel tube, passing through generally more favourable geological conditi- ons, has been finished. It means that 12,576m of the excavation has been completed in total, which represents nearly 85% of the length of the mined tunnel tubes. A length of 2310m of the tunnel tubes remains to be excavated. Concreting of the secondary lining proce- eds from both portals, concurrently with the tunnel excavation. As of the end of February 2018, 5186m of the upper vault lining, which represent nearly 35% of the length of the tunnel tubes, have been completed.

Driving of the cross passages proceeds in parallel with the exca- vation of the tunnel tubes. There are 29 cross passages of three dif- ferent types in total designed for the tunnel. The smallest cross-sec- tion is designed for escaping persons, the medium-size cross pas- sage allows for the arrival of intervention units and for placing a room for housing the tunnel equipment; in the largest profile, a transformer stations will be installed in addition to the above- mentioned equipment. As of the end of February 2018, 23 cross passages have been completely excavated or are at the excavation Tunel Višňové

Najdlhší slovenský tunel Višňové je súčasťou úseku diaľni- ce D1 Lietavská Lúčka – Višňové – Dubná Skala s celkovou dĺžkou 13,5 km, ktorý je vedený južne od krajského mesta Žilina. Tunel dĺžky približne 7,5 km je budovaný v plnom pro- file s dvomi tunelovými rúrami. Zhotoviteľom diaľničného úseku je združenie firiem Salini Impregilo S.p.A a Dúha, a.s. Špecifikom tunela Višňové, v porovnaní s ostatnými tunelmi vo výstavbe, je stavebne náročnejší systém vetrania s vetracou šachtou a odsávaním dymu v prípade požiaru v dvoch oblastiach, cez šachtu a cez vetrací kanál v tuneli nad medzistropom v úseku pri východnom portáli. Tunel by mal byť stavebne aj technologicky ukončený a otvorený spolu s diaľničným úsekom v roku 2020.

Razenie tunela Višňové sa začalo v apríli v roku 2015 raze- ním severnej tunelovej rúry od západného portálu. Práce na prvých úsekoch severnej tunelovej rúry boli ešte vykonávané Novou rakúskou tunelovacou metódou, kým materiálové a strojné zabezpečenie umožnilo zhotoviteľovi prejsť na metó- du razenia ADECO-RS. Od augusta 2015 už začali práce metó- dou ADECO-RS a v nasledovných mesiacoch postupne nabie- hali na štyroch čelbách tunelových rúr od oboch portálov, ako aj na dvoch čelbách nových úsekov odvodňovacej štôlne. Po 35 mesiacoch razenia je od západného portálu na konci feb ruá- ra 2018 vyrazených 2780 m severnej tunelovej rúry a 2576 m južnej tunelovej rúry. Od východného portálu je v celkovo pria- znivejších geologických podmienkach vyrazených 3628 m severnej tunelovej rúry a 3591 m južnej tunelovej rúry. Spolu je teda vyrazených 12 576 m, čo predstavuje takmer 85 % dĺžky razených tunelových rúr. Do ukončenia razenia tunelo- vých rúr ešte zostáva preraziť 2310 m. V súbehu s razením pre- bieha tiež betonáž sekundárneho ostenia od oboch portálov, pričom je na konci februára 2018 ukončených celkom 5186 km hornej klenby, čo je takmer 35 % dĺžky tunelových rúr.

Paralelne s razením tunelových rúr prebieha aj razenie prieč - nych prepojení. V tuneli je navrhnutých celkom 29 prepojení troch rôznych typov, najmenší profil je určený pre unikajúce osoby, stredný umožňuje príjazd zásahových jednotiek a záro- veň umiestnenie miestností s technologickým vybavením a v najväčšom profile je, okrem toho, navrhnuté umiestnenie trafostaníc. Na konci februára 2018 bolo prerazených alebo v štádiu razenia celkom 23 priečnych prepojení. Pokračuje tiež výstavba vetracej šachty betonážami sekundárneho oste- nia, keď je hotových 94 m ostenia, a betonážami sekudárneho ostenia vetracieho kanálu spájajúceho šachtu a tunelové rúry.

Ing. MILOSLAV FRANKOVSKÝ, Terraprojekt, a.s.

TUNELY NA MODERNIZOVANEJ ŽELEZNIČNEJ TRATI

Tunel Diel

Prechádza masívom vrchu Diel, ktorý tvorí centrálnu časť meandru Váhu v oblasti Nosickej priehrady. Tunel je navrh- nutý o dĺžke 1082 metrov. Razenie tunela prebieha v masíve popod kúpele Nimnica. Západný portál je situovaný na okraji obce Nimnica, východný portál bude zrealizovaný v území lesa nad cestou druhej triedy II/507, ktorá vedie z Púchova do Považskej Bystrice po pravom brehu priehrady. Tunel Diel bude mať únikovú štôlňu, ktorá bude ústiť do priestoru východného portálu tunela.

Práce na samotnom západnom portáli tunela sú dočasne ukončené. Pokračovať budú až po zhotovení tunelovej rúry.

Západný portál je momentálne základňou pre práce prebie - hajúce v tunelovej rúre. Postup razenia tunela prebieha kon- tinuálne. Vyrazí sa určitý úsek v kalote, následne sa doberie

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27. ročník - č. 2/2018

69

stage. The construction of the ventilation shaft also continues by concreting the secondary lining (94m of the lining have been finis- hed), and concreting the secondary lining of the ventilation duct interconnecting the shaft and the tunnel tubes.

Ing. MILOSLAV FRANKOVSKÝ, Terraprojekt, a.s.

TUNNELS ON THE MODERNISED RAILWAY LINE

Diel tunnel

It passes through the Diel hill massif, forming the central part of a meander of the river Váh in the area of the Nosice dam. The design length of the tunnel amounts to 1082 metres. The tunnel excavation proceeds through the massif under Nimnica Spa. The western portal is located on the outskirts of the village of Nimnica, whilst the eastern portal will be realised in a forested area above the II/507 secondary road leading from Púchov to Považská Bystrica along the right bank of the dam reservoir. The Diel tunnel will have an escape gallery, which will have its mouth in the area of the eastern portal of the tunnel.

The work on the western portal itself is temporarily suspended. It will continue only after the completion of the tunnel tube. The wes- tern portal is currently a base for the work being carried out in the tun- nel tube. The tunnel excavation proceeds continually. A certain stretch of the top heading is excavated and the excavation of the bench and bottom follows. The excavation is currently being carried out using explosives; at the time of preparing these current news the excavation passes through excavation support class No. 3 with the advance length up to 3.0m as the maximum. Every day we expect the transition to class No. 2, which is conditioned by the transition from claystone to sandstone. As of 27thFebruary 2018, 384 metres of the tunnel excavation have been completed and, in terms of geology, our work has been passing through fresh claystone class R3 (see Fig. 9).

At the eastern portal, the construction of the access road conti- nues by installation of final levels of the gabion retaining wall, the system of the drainage for the tunnel itself and the portal part, the attic for the installation of a safety barrier (guard rail) is being concreted. Marking out for commencing the excavation of the por- tal pits proceeds (see Fig. 10).

Milochov tunnel

A new tunnel, the Milochov, is designed to cross the foot of Stavná hill, south of the local part named Horný Milochov – the Milochov municipal district of the town of Považská Bystrica. The design length of the tunnel amounts to 1861 metres. The tunnel will have one escape gallery surfacing in the municipality of Milochov.

The tunnel excavation from the western portal has successfully star- ted. The excavation sequence comprises top heading, bench and bot- tom. The canopy tube pre-support protects the excavation. As of 27th February 2018, 39.5 metres of the excavation has been finished. The geological structure was formed by weathered and tectonically faulted claystone with blocks of weathered sandstone, which are being gradu- ally replaced with large blocks of fresh sandstone (see Figures 11 and 12). At the eastern portal, the consolidation jet grouting has been fini - shed, the front wall was stabilised by installing the second tier of the canopy tubes, complementary drainage holes were drilled into the massif ahead of the excavation face to lower the expected water table level, the massif was further stabilised by a system of glass fibre rein- forced plastic anchors (see Fig. 13). Based on design change docu- ments, the production of four-rod lattice girders for the divided exca- vation face commenced. The excavation sequence will be divided into four parts, two in the top heading and two in the bench combined with the bottom. The commencement of the tunnel excavation is assumed to take place in the second half of March 2018.

stupeň a dno. V súčasnosti už prebieha len trhavinové raze- nie, v čase tejto aktuality vo vystrojovacej triede č. 3 na dĺžku záberu do max. 3,0 metra. Každým dňom sa očakáva prechod do triedy 2, čo podmieňuje prechod z ílovcov do pieskovcov.

K dátumu 27. 2. 2018 bolo vyrazených 384 metrov tunela a po stránke geológie sa profil tunela nachádzal v zdravom ílovci triedy R3 (obr. 9).

Na východnom portáli pokračuje výstavba prístupovej komunikácie záverečnými úrovňami gabiónového oporného múru, do vozovky sa kladie systém odvodnenia pre samotný tunel a portálovú časť, betónuje sa atika pre umiestnenie zvo- didla zábradlia. Prebiehajú vytyčovacie práce pre zahájenie výkopových prác samotných portálových jám (obr. 10).

Tunel Milochov

Na preklenutie úpätia vrchu Stavná, južne od miestnej časti Horný Milochov – mestskej časti Milochov mesta Považská Bystrica, je navrhnutý nový tunel Milochov. Projektovaná dĺžka tunela je 1861 metrov. Tunel bude mať jednu únikovú štôlňu, ktorá bude vyúsťovať v obci Milochov.

Raziace práce zo západného portálu tunela sa úspešne roz- behli. Razí sa pod ochranou mikropilótového dáždnika na delenú čelbu (kalotu, stupeň, dno). K dátumu 27. 2. 2018 bolo vyrazených 39,5 metra a geologickú skladbu tvorili zvetrané a tektonicky porušené ílovce s blokmi zvetraných pieskovcov, Obr. 9 Tunel Diel, čelba tvorená ílovcami

Fig. 9 Diel tunnel, excavation face formed by claystone

Obr. 10 Prístupová komunikácia na východný portál tunela Diel Fig. 10 Access road to the eastern portal of the Diel tunnel

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